Urinary System Study Guide Ch 16
CHAPTER 46 Study Questions, part 1 – ANIMAL REPRODUCTION (p. 996-1008) 1) In the space below, sketch and label a typical sperm cell. 2) Trace the path of a sperm cell from its origin to the point at which it exits the male’s body. STUDY GUIDE 16 1.Urinary System, General a. Label the figure by placing the numbers of the structures in the spaces by the correct labels. _____ Aorta _____ Kidney _____ Ureter.
1.During a physical assessment of the abdomen, the nurse palpates a small mass above a patient's symphysis pubis. What shoul d the nurse do at this time?
A ) G e n t l y p r e s s d o n o n t h e m a s s.! ) ' t o p t h e e # a m i n a t i o n. $ ) A u s c u l t a t e t h e m a s s. D )% e r c u s s t h e m a s s.
&.he nurse is preparing to conduct a physical e#amination of a patient's abdomen. (dentify the area on the d iagram here the nurse ill focus the assessment of the patient's gallbladder.
A ) o c a t i o n A! ) o c a t i o n! $ ) o c a t i o n $ D ) o c a t i o n D.During the physical e#amination of the a bdomen, the nurse palpates a mass in the patient's right loer +uadrant. he nurse suspects t hat this mass could be associated ith hich organs? 'elect all that apply.) A ) A p p e n d i #! L a d d e r $ ) A s c e n d i n g c o l o n D ) - i g h t i d n e y / ) r a n s v e r s e c o l o n 0.During the health history of the urinary system, a patient tells the nurse about leaing2 urine hen coughing or laughing. he nurse should focus additional +uestions to address hich health problem?
A ) 3 r g e i n c o n t i n e n c e! ) 4 v e r f l o i n c o n t i n e n c e $ ) ' t r e s s i n c o n t i n e n c e D ) 4 b s t r u c t i v e i n c o n t i n e n c e. 5.he nurse has completed the inspection of a patient's abdomen during the physical e#amination. Which techni+ue ill the nurse use ne#t during this e#amination?
A ) D e e p p a l p a t i o n! ) i g h t p a l p a t i o n $ )% e r c u s s i o n D ) A u s c u l t a t i o n 6.While conducting an abdominal ph ysical assessment, the patient complains of pain ith deep palpation o f the right idne y. o further assess this finding, the nurse should perform7 A ) 8 i s t p e r c u s s i o n o f t h e c o s t o v e r t e b r a l a n g l e s! ) D e e p p a l p a t i o n o f t h e a b d o m i n a l l e f t u p p e r + u a d r a n t $ ) i g h t p a l p a t i o n o f t h e a b d o m i n a l r i g h t l o e r + u a d r a n t D ) A u s c u l t a t e s o u n d s i n t h e a b d o m i n a l l e f t l o e r + u a d r a n t 9.After a health history of the gastrointestinal and urinary systems, the nurse determines that a patient is of average ris for co lorectal cancer. What should the nurse instruct the patient regarding this ris? 'elect all that apply.) A ): a v e a f e c a l o c c u l t b l o o d t e s t d o n e a n n u a l l y.! ) ' c h e d u l e a f l e # i b l e s i g m o i d o s c o p y e v e r y 5 y e a r s.
$ ) 8 o l l o a n e v e r y 1;.During the e#amination of the abdomen, a patient e#periences right loer +uadrant rebound tenderness. he nurse should do hich additional assessment techni+ues for this patient?
Urinary System Study Guide Chapter 16
'elect all that apply. ) A ) A s s e s s t h e - o v s i n g s i g n.! ) A s s e s s t h e p s o a s s i g n. $ ) e s t f o r c u t a n e o u s h y p e r e s t h e s i a. D ) o o f o r t h e o b t u r a t o r s i g n. / ) e s t f o r a f l u i d a v e.
Urinary System Study Guide Printable
Waste product, produced by the kidneys to eliminate waste and help with electrolyte balance, water balance, and acid-base balance Normally clean enough to drink and has been repurposed for many uses such as: antiseptic, shrink preventative, and used for its potassium nitrate crystals to make explosives Wastes mainly derived from protein metabolism including: urea, uric acid, creatine, and ammonia Gets its yellow color from urobilin, a waste product of hemoglobin metabolism Also contains excess water, acid, and electrolytes 'Liquid gold' -99% water- 1 to 2 L produced a day on average. Long, thin, flexible muscular tubes that connect to the bladder Consists of 3 layers: mucosa, muscularis, and adventitia Embedded in a blanket of retroperitoneal fat and travel in the retroperitoneum on either side of the vertebral column After crossing the posterior brim of the bony pelvis, they turn forward and travel in the bladder wall for short distance before opening into the bladder lumen Ureters then enter bladder floor Actively massage urine downward by peristaltic waves in response to ANS. 'Holding tank' for urine Protected by bony barrier of the symphysis pubis; anterior to rectum in males or vagina in females Peritoneal membrane covers the superior surface of the bladder Composed of 3 layers: inner mucosal layer (contains rugae) of transitional epithelium, middle muscular layer, and an outer adventitia of fibrous tissue Muscular wall of bladder is the detrusor muscle, innervated by autonomic nerve fibers Empty bladder shaped like a collapsed basketball Max capacity for average male is 700 to 800 mL, slightly less in females uterus allows less room for bladder expansion. Regulates sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion via their action on the renal tubule Increases renal sodium reabsorption by increasing the number of sodium channels and sodium-potassium pumps in cells of the cortical collecting duct Na-K pump transports K on the opposite direction of sodium-therefore, by increasing Na reabsorption, aldosterone also increases K secretion-blood Na rises as blood K falls and vice versa Chief of the mineralocorticoids Increases homeostatically as (a) blood pressure falls or (b) as blood potassium rises. Unique osmotic gradient which generates concentrated urine, dependent on the nephron loops of juxtamedullary nephrons This gradient is the difference in the osmotic pressure between different regions of the renal medulla Deeper medullary regions toward the tips of the nephron loops contain much more solute and have higher osmotic pressure than regions nearer the cortex Nephron loop establishes the medullary osmotic gradient, but it is the collecting duct that uses the gradient to concentrate urine-and orientation of collecting duct is all-important.
Much less common than metabolic acidosis Results from the loss of acids. Such as loss from gastric acid followed by repeated vomiting, or gain of bases-such as ingestion of large amounts of antacids 3 events occur in response: -buffers tend to release their H ions (ex: hemoglobin releases some H ions) -respiration slows in order to retain more CO2, which reacts to produce H+ and bicarbonate -most importantly, the kidney excretes bicarbonate.
As result, H+ ions in blood remain unbuffered and pH decreases.